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應(yīng)對國際金融危機(jī)

2008年9月，由美國次貸危機(jī)引發(fā)的金融危機(jī)全面爆發(fā)。受國際金融危機(jī)快速蔓延和世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增長明顯減速的影響，加上中國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中尚未解決的深層次矛盾和問題，中國經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展遇到嚴(yán)重困難，對外貿(mào)易出口困難，有效需求不足矛盾凸顯，經(jīng)濟(jì)增長下行壓力加大，大批企業(yè)停產(chǎn)、半停產(chǎn)甚至倒閉，就業(yè)壓力加大。2008年11月，為應(yīng)對這場國際金融危機(jī)，中共中央、國務(wù)院科學(xué)決策，果斷實(shí)施積極的財(cái)政政策和適度寬松的貨幣政策，大規(guī)模增加政府投資，形成應(yīng)對國際金融危機(jī)、促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)增長的一攬子計(jì)劃。經(jīng)過艱苦努力，中國在世界上率先實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)回升向好，保持了平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展的好勢頭。事實(shí)證明，中國應(yīng)對國際金融危機(jī)采取的方針、政策和舉措總體上是有效的。盡管如此，經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展中仍存在不平衡、不協(xié)調(diào)、不可持續(xù)等突出矛盾和問題，從根本上解決這些矛盾和問題，必須堅(jiān)定不移地推進(jìn)全面深化改革。

China's response to the international financial crisis

In September 2008, a worldwide financial crisis was triggered by the subprime mortgage crisis in the US. Affected by the rapidly spreading financial crisis and slowing world economy, coupled with deep-seated problems in its own economy, China encountered serious difficulties in economic and social development. These included problems with foreign trade and exports, inadequate effective demand, growing pressure from downward economic growth, numerous enterprises suspending or partially suspending production or closing down, and increasing employment demand.

In response, the Chinese central leadership in November 2008 adopted a decisive pro-active fiscal policy and a moderately relaxed monetary policy, and increased government investment in large sums, known as a package plan to maintain steady economic growth. These efforts placed China among the first countries to realize an economic turnaround, and keep steady and rapid growth momentum. The results have proved the effectiveness of China's principles, policies and measures on the whole. However, unbalanced, uncoordinated and unsustainable development remains a big problem. To tackle it at the root, the key lies in an absolute commitment to further reform.