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科教興國(guó)戰(zhàn)略

早在1977年“文化大革命”剛結(jié)束時(shí)，鄧小平同志就提出：“我們國(guó)家要趕上世界先進(jìn)水平，從何著手呢?我想，要從科學(xué)和教育著手?！?985年，在全國(guó)科技工作會(huì)議和全國(guó)教育工作會(huì)議上，鄧小平同志要求各級(jí)黨委和政府重視教育和科技工作。1995年5月，中共中央、國(guó)務(wù)院召開(kāi)全國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)大會(huì)，決定在全國(guó)實(shí)施科教興國(guó)戰(zhàn)略。20多年以來(lái)，“九五”計(jì)劃、2010年遠(yuǎn)景目標(biāo)等一系列重大決策部署不斷賦予其新內(nèi)涵。黨的十九大報(bào)告更是將科教興國(guó)戰(zhàn)略確定為決勝全面建成小康社會(huì)需要堅(jiān)定實(shí)施的七大戰(zhàn)略之一，“科教興國(guó)”被賦予新的時(shí)代內(nèi)涵。科教興國(guó)戰(zhàn)略就是在“科學(xué)技術(shù)是第一生產(chǎn)力思想”的指導(dǎo)下，堅(jiān)持教育為本，把科技和教育擺在經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)發(fā)展的重要位置，增強(qiáng)國(guó)家的科技實(shí)力和科學(xué)技術(shù)向現(xiàn)實(shí)生產(chǎn)力轉(zhuǎn)化的能力，提高科技對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的貢獻(xiàn)率，提高全民族的科技文化素質(zhì)，把經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)轉(zhuǎn)移到依靠科技進(jìn)步和提高勞動(dòng)者素質(zhì)的軌道上來(lái)，加速實(shí)現(xiàn)國(guó)家的繁榮昌盛。

科教興國(guó)戰(zhàn)略，基礎(chǔ)在教育，關(guān)鍵在科技。實(shí)施科教興國(guó)戰(zhàn)略，既要充分發(fā)揮科技和教育在興國(guó)中的作用，又要努力培植科技和教育這個(gè)興國(guó)的基礎(chǔ)。實(shí)施科教興國(guó)戰(zhàn)略，必須深化科技和教育體制改革，促進(jìn)科技、教育同經(jīng)濟(jì)的結(jié)合。科技工作必須自覺(jué)面向經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)主戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)，將攻克國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中迫切需要解決的關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題作為主要任務(wù)；教育工作要面向現(xiàn)代化、面向世界、面向未來(lái)，優(yōu)化教育結(jié)構(gòu)，改革教育體制，合理配置資源，提高教育質(zhì)量和辦學(xué)效益，使教育與經(jīng)濟(jì)緊密結(jié)合起來(lái)。

Strategy for invigorating China through science and education

In 1977, after the ending of the Cultural Revolution, Deng Xiaoping pointed out, "China must catch up with the most advanced countries in the world. But how shall we go about it? I believe we have to begin by tackling science and education." He said this at a forum on work in science and education, and demanded the Party committees and governments at all levels to attach importance to the work in science and education.

The strategy for invigorating China through science and education was unveiled by the Party Central Committee and the State Council at the National Conference on Science and Technology in May 1995. It has been enriched with the infusion of new insights contained in a series of policies rolled out in the past 20 years, including the Ninth Five-year Plan and Vision 2010. It is highlighted in the report to the 19th CPC National Congress as one of the seven strategies for completing the building of a moderately prosperous society, and incorporates new directives that respond to today's new challenges.

The strategy for invigorating China through science and education is guided by the thinking that science and technology is a primary source of productivity growth. It emphasizes the importance of education and science and technology in promoting economic and social development, and the need for strengthened capacity building in science and technology and for expanded application of science and technology to productivity growth, so as to increase the contribution of science and technology to the economy. The strategy also aims to raise public awareness and understanding of science and technology, as part of the effort to increase the reliance of economic development on science and technology and to promote human development, a move that helps accelerate China's march toward greater prosperity.

This strategy relies on education. The key to its successful implementation is the development of science and technology. To ensure that science and technology plays its due role in economic development, it is essential to promote the development of education and science and technology. 

To this end, further institutional reform is necessary in education and in the field of science and technology, and better alignment is called for between education and science and technology on one hand and the economy in general on the other. Science and technology initiatives should be better geared toward economic development, and focus more on tackling urgent issues that bear on economic development. Education should be oriented toward our modernization drive and toward the future, with greater openness to the outside world. Structural reform in education should proceed in tandem with measures to rationalize resource allocation, so as to improve education quality and efficiency and to ensure that education better serves the economy.